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Metal forgings are a special material suitable for important fields such as aviation and aerospace, so the internal structure and performance requirements are higher than other conventional products. This article focuses on the current use of two processing methods, extrusion and forging, and analyzes and studies the microstructure and properties of hot worked metal forgings using forging, extrusion, and a combination of extrusion and forging production processes for metal forging experiments.

Due to the presence of a large amount of eutectic carbides in high alloy tool steel with pearlite, sufficient fragmentation can only be achieved through significant deformation; On the other hand, due to the influence of its alloy composition, high alloy tool steel with martensite has low plasticity, high deformation resistance, poor thermal conductivity, and high tissue stress during cooling. It is prone to defects such as cracks in the forging production process. Thus creating a contradiction that complicates its forging process. Therefore, when formulating the forging process for this type of steel, corresponding technical measures should be developed from each link to address this contradiction and ensure the quality of its forgings.

4Cr4Mo3W1V1 steel, as a new type of hot work die steel, can achieve optimal strength toughness matching through reasonable quenching and tempering processes. The quenched microstructure of 4Cr4Mo3W1V1 steel mainly consists of martensite and undissolved carbides. As the quenching temperature increases, the carbides in 4Cr4Mo3W1-V1 steel gradually dissolve and the grain size gradually increases. The hardness of 4Cr4Mo3W1V1 steel quenched at 1100 ℃ reaches the maximum value of 62.4HRC. The hardness of 4Cr4Mo3W1V1 steel shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of tempering temperature, and the impact absorption energy shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. The hardness and impact absorption energy of 4Cr4Mo3W-1V1 steel quenched at 1100 ℃ and tempered at 600 ℃ reached 58.2HRC and 46J, respectively, with the best comprehensive performance.

The retaining ring is a key component in large generators, installed at both ends of the rotor to prevent the coil at the rotor end from escaping during high-speed rotation.

The 300 series austenitic stainless steel has excellent oxidation resistance, intergranular stress corrosion resistance, and high temperature strength performance, and is widely used in the manufacturing of forging equipment such as nuclear power pipelines and valves.

Q355D low-alloy steel is widely known for its excellent tensile strength and yield strength, and exhibits outstanding toughness and impact resistance. Its application in mechanical manufacturing is crucial, especially in the production of key components such as large oil cylinder barrels.